Green Tea
Tea and its extracts are classified as botanicals rather than foods since the effective therapeutic dosages are far more than what can be obtained from tea intake. It’s a phyto-nutritional supplement.
Tea made from the dried leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant has antioxidant, chemopreventive, and lipid-lowering properties. Green tea includes polyphenols, which may explain its chemopreventive properties. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant catechin in the polyphenol fraction, followed by epicatechin (EC), gallocatechin gallate (GCG), epigallocatechin (EGC), and epicatechin gallate (ECG). Green tea polyphenols are antioxidants and free radical scavengers, and they may influence enzymes involved in cellular reproduction and tumor angiogenesis via regulating angiogenic factors like VEGF.
Health Benefits of Green Tea
1.It contains beneficial bioactive components
Green tea is more than simply a refreshing drink. The green tea plant has a variety of beneficial chemicals that make their way into the finished beverage.
Tea is high in polyphenols, which are natural chemicals with health advantages such as inflammation reduction and cancer prevention.
Green tea contains a catechin called epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Catechins are naturally occurring antioxidants that help to prevent cell damage while also offering additional benefits.
These chemicals can protect cells and molecules from harm by reducing the production of free radicals in the body. These free radicals contribute to aging and a variety of illnesses.
One of the most potent components of green tea is EGCG. It appears to be one of the most important components in green tea that provides therapeutic effects.
2.Improve brain function
Green tea enhances brain function in addition to keeping you awake. The major active ingredient is caffeine, a well-known stimulant.
It doesn’t have as much caffeine as coffee, but it’s enough to elicit a response without creating the jittery symptoms that come with too much caffeine.
Caffeine affects the brain by suppressing the inhibitory neurotransmitter adenosine. This enhances the neuronal activity and neurotransmitter concentrations such as dopamine and norepinephrine.
Green tea contains a variety of brain-boosting compounds in addition to caffeine. It also includes L-theanine, an amino acid that may pass across the blood-brain barrier. L-theanine stimulates the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, which has anti-anxiety properties. It also boosts dopamine levels.
Caffeine and L-theanine can work together to provide a synergistic effect. As a result, combining the two can have a particularly potent effect on enhancing brain function. Green tea may provide a much milder and different type of buzz than coffee due to the L-theanine and tiny quantity of caffeine.
3.Antioxidants help to reduce the incidence of some malignancies
Cancer is a disease caused by uncontrolled cell proliferation. It is one of the top causes of death around the globe.
Chronic inflammation, which can lead to chronic illnesses like cancer, can be caused by oxidative damage. Antioxidants can aid in the prevention of oxidative damage.
Green tea is high in antioxidants and is a great source of them.
Green tea has a wide range of cancer-fighting properties:
Many malignancies are inhibited by inhibiting cells in the G0-G1 phase of the cell cycle and arresting cells in the G2-M phase. This is controlled by its interactions with the p21 and p27 gene proteins.
• Apoptosis induction is dosage-dependent. Downregulates anti-apoptotic bcl-2 protein upregulates pro-apoptotic Bax, and activates caspases 3, 7, and 9 in cancer cells, causing them to die.
• Increases the expression of wild-type p53.
• Blocks the expression of oncogenes such as Kirsten-ras or K-ras, which controls tyrosine kinases.
• Lowers the expression of the mdr-1 multidrug resistance gene.
• Prevents tumor promoters from activating protein kinase C. Protease inhibition decreases cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, and the generation of inflammatory cytokines while increasing apoptosis.
• Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, lowering cancer cell protein and nucleic acid production.
• Binds to the receptor’s chaperone protein HSP90, inhibiting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and boosting breast cancer resistance. In terms of modulating this receptor, it works in tandem with quercetin. It protects against xenobiotic carcinogens like dioxins by inhibiting aryl hydrocarbon receptor transformation. Green tea EGCG also aids in the detoxification of hazardous solvents like benzene.
• Controls inflammation, apoptosis, and protein breakdown by inhibiting NFB.
• Controls human kallikreins, which are involved in prostate cancer.
• Anti-angiogenic; suppresses IGF-1 activation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hence VEGF overexpression.
• Blocks human growth hormone HGH or its receptors by inhibiting IGF-1 and increasing IGF-BP-3.
• Green tea EGCG, a pro-oxidant, can enhance hydrogen peroxide H2O2 stress on DNA. As a result, offer mixed tocopherol vitamin E to balance things out.
• EGCG is a potent proteasome inhibitor that affects a variety of regulatory proteins. For example, EGCG inhibits multi-catalytic enzymes, causing p27/Kip1 and IkB, a 152 inhibitor of NFB, to accumulate. This stops the cell in G1 and removes the apoptotic protection provided by AP-1 inhibition via c-jun phosphorylation inhibition.
• Cyclin D1 and cyclin E are inhibited.
• Inhibits tNOX production in cancer cells but not in normal cells. tNOX is a cell surface enzyme that regulates proliferation.
• The main phenol catechin is anti-cachexic and suppresses TNF alpha.
• Stimulates differentiation by modulating TGF-II.
• Tea polyphenols block matrix proteases MMP-2 and MMP-9, preventing tumour spread. Inhibits topoisomerase I, an enzyme which plays a critical role in DNA metabolism and structure, making it essential for tumour cell survival. Toxicity limits the effectiveness of medicines that inhibit this enzyme. Topoisomerase inhibitors do not mix with glucosamine compounds. Inhibits 5-alpha-reductase, reducing testosterone levels. Inhibits ornithine decarboxylase in the prostate . EGCG inhibits urokinase uPA, an enzyme involved in tumour invasion and metastasis, via breaking down of the basement membrane cell junctions. uPA is over-expressed in most cancers.
• Increases xanthine oxidase XO, which inhibits adenosine deaminase ADA in cancer cells, reducing DNA turnover.
• Catechins in green tea transport electrons or hydrogen from ROS damage sites on DNA quickly, preventing strand breaks from forming. Because it is very reactive to hydrogen peroxide, it should not be used during IV vitamin C treatment.
• Green tea polyphenols protect DNA from UV-A and UV-B rays, decreasing inflammation, erythema, and skin cell hyper-proliferation. As a result, it prevents skin cancer and slows the progression of existing skin tumors.
• It will reduce the amount of gamma-tocopherol vitamin E in the body, especially in the kidneys and liver.
• Telomerase is inhibited by EGCG.
• Immune effects include enhanced B-cell activity, monocyte-derived IL-1, and IL-1, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte and NK activity, and iodination of PMNs and monocytes.
• In post-op stage I and II breast cancer patients, it reduces the chance of cancer recurrence by 50%.
• Breast, colon, prostate, lung, esophageal, stomach, pancreatic, urinary bladder, and melanoma cancers have all been shown to be inhibited by it.
• Theanine, a unique amino acid, enhances Adriamycin absorption by tumors, resulting in a substantial boost in effectiveness.
What role does green tea have in fighting cancer?
The main polyphenols in green tea, EGCG, EGC, ECG, and EC, exhibit antioxidant activity among their numerous biological functions. These compounds, particularly EGCG and ECG, exhibit significant free radical scavenging action and may protect cells against reactive oxygen species-induced DNA damage. Tea polyphenols have also been proven in laboratory and animal studies to suppress tumor cell growth and cause apoptosis. Tea catechins have been found to decrease angiogenesis and tumor cell invasiveness in various laboratory and animal investigations. Tea polyphenols may also protect against UV B radiation damage and alter immune system function. Green tea has also been found to activate detoxification enzymes like glutathione S-transferase and quinone reductase, which may help guard against the formation of tumors.
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